The guide for the Perplexed is one of the most interesting books of the Medieval Philosophie. It is saturated of Arabic culture and it takes root in the intelectual and religious tradition of the Judaism.

RESUMENLa teoría agustiniana del conocimiento supone una síntesis de tres funciones fundamentales de la mente: la intuición intelectual, la intuición sensitiva y la razón discursiva, que aplica a las intuiciones sensibles los principios que la intuición intelectual nos suministra, con lo que alcnzamos un auténtico conocimiento humano, en el que se aúnan la razón discursiva y la razón intuitiva, síntesis a la que Agustín denomina razón superior, gracias a la cual superamos el simple conocimiento animal.PALABRAS CLAVESAN AGUSTÍN-EPISTEMOLOGIA-RAZONABSTRACTSaint Augustine's epistemology entails (...) a synthesis of the mind's three main functions: intellectual intuition, sensitive intuition and discursive reason. It applies to sensible intuitions the principles provided by the intellectual intuition. That way, we reach a genuine human knowledge, where discursive reason and intuitive reason converge: a synthesis called higher reason by augustine. Because of it, we overcome the mere animal knowledge. KEYWORDSSAINT AUGUSTINE-EPISTEMOLOGY-REASON. (shrink)

RESUMENMaría Zambrano intenta superar el racionalismo a partir de la razón poética, síntesis de la intuición intelectual, que llama “revelación”, y de la razón discursiva.PALABRAS CLAVESRAZON POETICA – INTUICION – REFLEXION – RACIONALISMO ABSTRACTMaría Zambrano tries to go beyond rationalism from the “poetic reason”, a synthesis of the intelectual intuition, which she calls “revelation”, and the discursive reason.KEYWORDSPOETIC REASON – INTUITION – REFLECTION – RATIONALISM.

According to proponents of irreducible cognitive phenomenology some cognitive states put one in phenomenal states for which no wholly sensory states suffice. One of the main approaches to defending the view that there is irreducible cognitive phenomenology is to give a phenomenal contrast argument. In this paper I distinguish three kinds of phenomenal contrast argument: what I call pure--represented by Strawson’s Jack/Jacques argument --hypothetical-- represented by Kriegel’s Zoe argument --and glossed-- first developed here. I argue that pure and hypothetical phenomenal (...) contrast arguments face significant difficulties, but that there is a sound glossed phenomenal contrast argument for irreducible cognitive phenomenology. (shrink)

Includes 2 texts: Lucio Anneo Seneca, by Juan Fernando Ortega Muñoz, and Andaluces universales, by Francisco García Bazán.

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the close relationship between two of the extant manuscripts of the Qur’ān’s Latin translation by Robert of Ketton, and the figure of Juan de Segobia, who from 1437 had studied this version of the Koran until he himself, with the collaboration of a Spanish alfaquí, produced a new translation. After exposing the news that Juan de Segobia offers about the copies of the Latin Qur’ān that he possessed, a general arrangement (...) of the manuscript tradition of the Alchoran by Robert of Ketton is outlined. This is divided into two families, α and β. The comparison between the wording offered by a group of manuscripts of family α with the variants present in the codices of family β and in the edition of Theodor Bibliander itself allows us to conclude that the codex Paris BNF lat. 3669 is a copy of a manuscript supervised by Juan de Segobia, which offered a revised wording of the Alchoran by Robert of Ketton based on the variants taken from the codex of John of Ragusio. (shrink)

En este trabajo se estudia la virtud de la confianza como requisito de la sociabilidad. Tras revisar, en síntesis y según L. Polo, como se ha estimado esta virtud en la historia de la filosofía, y tras examinar algunas manifestaciones del vicio opuesto de la desconfianza, se indica cuál es su índole, su raíz y sus consecuencias, distinguiéndola al final de la fe intelectual o natural que tiene como tema solo a Dios.

Siguiendo la distinción tripartina en el hombre entre naturaleza corpórea, esencia y acto de ser personal, se trata de la virtud de la pureza o castidad y sus anejas, el pudor y la modestia, con referencia al cuerpo humano, a la voluntad y al corazón o intimidad humana siguiendo el pensamiento de L. Polo.

The author, after reviewing Aquinas work and the Teachings of the Catholic Church about the cognitive statute of the virtue of Faith, argues, based on Polo's proposals on Anthropology, that is the «personal knowledge», that is, the knowledge at the level of the act of being, and not simply the «rational knowledge» what is elevated by the supernatural virtue of Faith, that God infuses in the «personal kernel» of the human being.

ABSTRACTA cognitive autopoietic system is a dynamic, self-generating, organized and self-organizing thing which self-regulates with respect to an external medium. The present model of the effect of stress on a cognitive autopoietic system captures the notion of how a priori cognitive structures, combined with external sensations, constitute the basis for the development of cognitive structures and their architecture. The ESCA model integrates the fact that the mind–environment relation has a twofold effect: on one hand, it enables self-regulation of mind, but (...) on the other hand, it poses a potential perturbation on the same, which may result in the breakdown of the self-regulation of mind. The architecture of the CS developed on the basis of the ESCA model is consistent with the manifestations of the effect of stress on mind behavior at different levels. The ESCA model predicts that the faculty to concatenate... (shrink)

Fernández’ most recent book constitutes an articulated development of several philosophical considerations on memory displayed in previous, and forthcoming publications. The result of such articulated development ends up being a consistent account that provides an innovative and thought-provoking perspective on episodic remembering. This volume not only gathers and articulates the author’s previous ideas, but also provides new reflections, and objections that encompasses four significant domains in the philosophy of memory. In the first part of the book, Fernández offers an account (...) of both the metaphysics and the intentionality of episodic memory; in the second part, the author deals with certain phenomenological aspects involved in remembering; in the third part, two important debates in the epistemology of memory are discussed. (shrink)

En esta nota se cuestiona la supuesta curvatura de la voluntad, pues de la dualidad “querer querer” el primer querer se atribuye a la sindéresis, mientras que el segundo, a la voluntad.

El tema principal es la concepción de la política en Julio Irazusta (1899-1982), pensador adherido al nacionalismo argentino. Pero la obra tiene un sentido integral, y trata aspectos de biografía intelectual y analiza las influencias de autores como Maurras, Burke, de Maistre y Croce, que habrían obrado sobre el pensamiento de Irazusta"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 58.

This text summarizes the 15 articles included in the book Futurizar el presente. Estudios sobre la filosofía de Leonardo Polo, edited by I. Falgueras, J. A. García and J. J. Padial. The writings are grouped in these chapters: Theory of language, History of Philosophy, Ratio and Will, Synderesis, Metaphysics and Anthropology. In this latest topic some very interesting and suggestive ideas are proposed.

After studying the historical background of the philosophical treatment or neglect of intelectual habits, this paper focuses on the research on the nature of habits and is divided into two essential parts: a) The research on the relationship that habits keep with the acts of knowing and the objects known by acts; b) The study of the existing relationship within habits themselves and the human being that is superior to them. All of this is based on the papers writen by (...) Prof. Polo. (shrink)

La sindéresis, también llamada por Tomás de Aquino razón natural, es cognoscititiva: un hábito innato por medio del cual la persona humana conoce y regula su naturaleza humana, y en especial, su razón y su voluntad, y está abierta a éstas facultades, tanto en su estado nativo como activadas. La sindéresis se conoce por medio de otro hábito innato, la sabiduría, y ambos dependen del intelecto agente.This paper presents Domingo Gundisalvo’s theory of knowledge and the end of our cognitive process (...) at the light “of the active Intelligence” . For human beings participate in this light wen at in effectu or in adeptus ab alio. The research takes into account Gundisalvo’s metaphysics background as exposed in his De processione mundi. (shrink)

En este trabajo se estudian tres asuntos en la filosofía de L. Polo: a) si son tres o cuatro los trascendentales personales humanos; b) si éstos se distinguen entre sí según jerarquía; c) si cada uno de ellos dispone de dos miembros y si se da jerarquía entre ellos.

Esta comunicación tiene por objeto delimitar el ámbito de los trascendentales. Primero, presentando los que son, según este orden: esse, verum, bonum, pulchrum. Segundo, señalando los que no son: ahquid, res, causam, sustantia, natura, essentia. Por último, aclarando algunas dificultades respecto a: ens, unum, relatio.

This paper argues that the science of logic follows the theory of knowledge. The objects are ens rationis. It admits that we have two kind of logic: formal logic, which follows via rationis, named abstractio formalis; and real logic, which follows via rationis, named abstractio totius. In consequence, there are divers habits of logic, which permit the use of our different acts of understanding, which pertain to both uses of ratio. Each one of these different logics has different principles: the (...) rational principle, the axioms of logic; the formal principle; the principle of generalisation. (shrink)

en este artículo se distingue entre estas realidades humanas irreductibles: naturaleza, esencia y acto de ser. La primera es la vida recibida de nuestros padres. La segunda consiste en el desarrollo que cada persona humana imprime a esa dotación natural. La tercera es cada quien, cada persona humana novedosa y distinta.